为了研究随机粗糙表面光散射分布特性机理，采用线性滤波法生成高斯分布随机粗糙表面，以基尔霍夫近似作为电磁场边界条件，采用蒙特卡罗方法数值计算了一组金属和一组电介质粗糙表面在S偏振光和P偏振光照射下的散射光强度空间分布，计算结果显示：金属表面与电介质表面的散射光分布宽度、散射峰值、散射峰位置三个散射特征存在显著差异，经过分析发现这种特征差异的产生机理是由表面面元的斜率分布和面元反射率共同因素导致，并与数值计算结果对比，二者具有良好的一致性。

To study random rough surface scattering distribution characteristics and influence factors of distribution characteristics, linear filtering method is used to generate Gaussian random rough surface, and Monte Carlo numerical method based on Kirchhoff Approximation is deduced to calculate the scattering light intensity spatial distribution from one set random metal and one set dielectric rough surfaces illuminated by S and P polarized light. The three characteristics of the scattering light intensity distribution peak, the intensity distribution width and the position of peak are reviewed. Numerical calculation results show that significant differences between scattering characteristics of metal surfaces and the dielectric surfaces exist. The light scattering characteristics are jointly influenced by the slope distribution and reflectance of surface element. The random rough surface scattering light intensity distribution is affected by common influence of surface element slope distribution and surface element reflectivity of random surface, and good consistency between the common influence result and numerical calculation result.