混合颜料比例的确定一直是文物精确修复的难点，传统的文物色彩修复是在基于经验基础上不断试色的过程，效率不高。本文在原有比值导数法的基础上，通过改进特征波段的选取方法，提出基于众数的比值导数光谱法进行光谱解混。利用模拟数据与真实数据进行了检验，结果表明该方法能够缩小修复过程中试色的范围，提高解混精度，在文物混合颜料识别分析中有很大的应用潜力。

In the field of cultural relics restoration，to determine the proportion of mixed pigment has been a troublesome thing. The traditional cultural relics repair method is usually based on the repair worker’s experience，in which efficiency is not high. By improving the method of selecting characteristic bands，the derivative of ratio spectroscopy based on the mode is proposed. The simulation data and real data results show that this method can reduce the test range of color in the repair process，improve the unmixing accuracy，which might have great potential application in the analysis of cultural relics pigments recognition.