抗生素和磺胺类药物在预防感染，治疗疾病方面起到巨大作用，从而被广泛使用。由于这些药物在生物体中无法完全代谢，随着食物链循环造成环境污染并对人类形成持续危害。近年来对于这些药物的监管逐渐被人们所重视。基于局域表面等离子体共振的表面增强拉曼光谱法（SERS)可以将吸附在粗化的金属表面分子的拉曼信号进行增强，检测极限可达单分子量级，因此，SERS相关技术被广泛用于痕量物质检测，检测极限主要决定于SERS基底的活性。本研究工作采用脱合金方法，制备出了均匀、孔径可调纳米多孔银基底，并用于磺胺嘧啶和磺胺醋酰检测，检测极限达到了0.25 μg/kg和2μg/kg，远远低于我国农业部规定的磺胺类药物最大残余量100 μg/kg。且拉曼特征峰峰强与药物的浓度表现出良好的线性关系，检测动态监测范围高达6个量级 。研究所得纳米多孔银可推广用于其他物质检测，具有潜在的应用价值。

Antibiotics and sulfa drugs are widely used due to the function in preventing infections and curing diseases. These drugs cannot be completely metabolized in the organism, and cause environmental pollution in the food chain circulates, leading to continuous harm to human body. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the regulation of these drugs. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) based on localized surface plasmon resonance can enhance the Raman signal of molecules which adsorbed on the roughened metal surface, and the detection limit can reach single molecule level. Therefore, SERS-related technologies are widely used in the detection of trace substances, and the detection limit is mainly depended on the activity of the SERS substrate. In this study, the method of dealloying was used to prepare a uniform, adjustable pore size, and excellent performance nanoporous silver substrate and used to detect sulfadiazine and sulfacetamide, the detection limit reached 0.25μg/kg and 2μg/kg, which is far lower than 100μg/kg, The prescribed maximum residual amount of sulfa drugs in the Ministry of Agriculture of my country. And the Raman spectrum peak and the concentration of sulfa drugs showed a good linear relationship, the detection dynamic monitoring range is up to 106 orders of magnitude. The researched nanoporous silver can also be used for the detection of other pollutants, which has certain application value.