光散射中的anapole态是纳米光子学领域的一种独特的光学现象，可以用Mie理论以及多极展开理论进行分析。对于最常见的一阶电anapole态，其可以看做是由笛卡尔坐标系下电偶极矩和环偶极矩的干涉相消产生，具有典型的远场散射抑制和近场增强性能。本文首先对anapole态的基本概念和理论进行阐述，其次对激发anapole态的微纳结构进行总结，最后结合anapole态独特的光学特性，对其在近场增强、非线性光学、激光等方面潜在的光子学应用和最新研究进展进行了讨论和展望。

The anapole state in scattering is a unique optical phenomenon in the field of nanophotonics, which can be analyzed by Mie theory and multipole expansion. For the most common first-order electric anapole, it can be explained by the destructive interference of Cartesian electric dipole and toroidal dipole, with typical far-field scattering suppression and near-field enhancement. In this paper, we describe the basic concept and theory of anapole state firstly, and then summarize the micro-nano structures which support anapole states. Finally in combination with the unique optical properties of anapole states, the potential photonics applications and recent research progress of anapole states in fields such as near-field enhancements, nonlinear optics and lasers are discussed and prospected.