为提高表面增强拉曼散射（Surface-enhanced Raman scattering,SERS）基底的性能，本文采用银纳米线基底，基于有限元分析软件优选了银纳米线的衬底以及直径，结果表明当衬底采用金膜时，基底热点电场模值最大，说明具有最佳的增强效果；同时设计研究了不同直径的银纳米线在金衬底上的增强效果，结果表明当半径从10 nm到75 nm时，增强效果呈现先增强后减弱的效果，在银纳米线直径为45 nm时，增强效果最佳。基于上述研究结果制备了金膜-银纳米线基底，将所制备的基底应用于变压器油中糠醛浓度检测，制备的基底对变压器矿物油中糠醛的最小检测下限能达到1.5 mg/L，为实现变压器运行状态监测具有重要的意义。

In order to improve the performance of surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) substrate, silver nanowire substrate was used in this paper. The substrate and diameter of silver nanowire were optimized based on finite element analysis software. The results show that when the substrate is gold film, the hot spot electric field modulus of the substrate is the largest, indicating that it has the best enhancement effect. At the same time, the enhancement effect of silver nanowires with different diameters on the gold substrate was designed and studied. The results show that when the radius is from the 10 nm to 75 nm, the enhancement effect is first enhanced and then weakened. When the radius of the silver nanowires is 45 nm, the enhancement effect is the best. Based on the above research results, a gold film-silver nanowire substrate was prepared, and the prepared substrate was applied to the detection of furfural concentration in transformer oil. The minimum detection limit of the prepared substrate for furfural in transformer mineral oil can reach 1.5 mg/L. It is of great significance to realize the monitoring of transformer operation status.