Dingbutou Xie’s folk house was built in the Xianfeng period of Qing dynasty. The overall style and appearance of Xie's folk house are well preserved, and have high historical and artistic value. The four murals on the outer wall of the wing-room are the most valuable parts, but causing the long-term environmental weathering, the murals have serious damages, which need to be effectively conserved. In order to understand and protect the murals, the following works were completed. Pigment samples were analyzed by a variety of methods that including Microscopic observation, Raman spectrometry, X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometry. The results show that, botallackite, red ochre, mixed cinnabar and minium pigment and ultramarine were used during painting. This study provided a scientific basis for understanding the original pictures of four murals and carrying out their subsequent protection and utilization.