01 September 2024, Volume 36 Issue 3
    

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  • LIXiang, CHEN Jieru, WANG Yanqi, FANG Jixiang
    Chinese Journal of Light Scattering. 2024, 36(3): 209-219. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.202403001
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) Knowledge map Save
    Time-gated timing-selective Raman spectroscopy technique is a Raman spectroscopy technique that precisely controls the timing relationship between the laser pulse duration and the detector shutter timing so as to carry out timing selection to collect Raman signals and suppress background interference. In the field of remote Raman detection, the use of time gating can effectively block the ambient light, so that the Raman spectrum to obtain excellent signal/noise ratio. This paper systematically introduces the time-gated time-sequence selective Raman technology and its applications, which focuses on the technical characteristics and prospects of picosecond time-gating. Finally,This paper introduces the first backpack-type miniaturised remote Raman spectroscopy equipment independently developed by our team in China, which can detect ≤1 μg within 0~2 m and typical explosives and hazardous chemicals targets ≤1 mg within 13 m, and has a broad application prospect in the monitoring of industrial leakage, prevention of terrorist attacks and explosion-proof demining and other aspects of public safety warning and monitoring.
  • Liu Yulong a Guo Yanpingb, Chang Ruixueb and Zhao Yonganb
    Chinese Journal of Light Scattering. 2024, 36(3): 220-248. https://doi.org/10.13883/J.ISSN1004-5929.202403002
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    Time-gated Raman spectroscopy (TGRS) has been proven to be one of the most effective methods for solving the interference of fluorescence on Raman signals. Since the birth of large and expensive laboratory equipment such as optical Kerr gates, significant progress has been made in fluorescence suppression technology. Today, better and more affordable small-scale equipment is available for use. These improvements are mainly due to advancements in spectral and electronic component production technology, which have lowered the complexity and cost of the equipment. The key component of time-gated Raman spectroscopy is precise time synchronization (in the picosecond range), i.e. synchronization between the pulsed laser excitation source and the sensitive and fast detection device. During the laser pulse period, the detector can collect Raman signals, while during the dead time of the detector, the longer delay time of fluorescence emission can be excluded. Due to its shorter measurement cycle, TG Raman spectroscopy also has the ability to resist interference from ambient light and thermal radiation. In recent years, research on ultra-sensitive and fast detectors has focused on gate-controlled and gain-type charge-coupled devices (ICCDs) or on CMOS single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) arrays, which are also suitable for TG Raman. Compared to gate-controlled CCDs, SPADs arrays have higher sensitivity and better time resolution, and do not require overcooling of the detector. This paper aims to review the technical development achievements of TG Raman technology from the early days to the present both at home and abroad, and to introduce the experimental results of studying nano-SnO2 grains and nails using TG Raman technology, as well as to briefly discuss the possible extended applications of TG technology.
  • Huang Baokun Yang Dapeng Zhao Chuqiu Ma Xinyue Shen Tianyang Sun Rui Li Yumeng Wang Zijin
    Chinese Journal of Light Scattering. 2024, 36(3): 249-259. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.202403003
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    Small molecules that exist in a gaseous state have their Raman characteristics peaks with small spectral line intrinsic broadening. Even under various gas mixing conditions, their characteristic Raman spectra overlap less, allowing for simultaneous detection and analysis of multiple components. However, the low molecular density of gases and weak Raman scattering signals limit the application of Raman technology in gas detection. This article improves the excitation efficiency of Raman spectroscopy through the design of multiple reflection optics, and increases the collection efficiency of Raman scattering signals through the design of an integrating sphere. A highly sensitive and multi-component gas simultaneous detection device is constructed, which can achieve non-contact, non-destructive, on-site, and in situ analysis, and has both qualitative and quantitative analysis functions. The detection concentration range of gas concentration is wide, and it is also suitable for the analysis of isomers and isotope substituted gas molecules, greatly expanding the application of Raman spectroscopy technology in gas detection.
  • HAN Cong, LIN Dongyue, ZHENG Xing, YANG Liangbao,
    Chinese Journal of Light Scattering. 2024, 36(3): 260-270. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.202403004
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    Raman spectrometer is an optical instrument widely used in industrial research and laboratory environments for fingerprint identification and analysis of substances.With the changing requirements for measurement environments in practical use, more and more miniaturized Raman spectrometers are being designed, and developing more portable Raman spectrometers has become the goal of researchers.A miniaturized Raman spectrometer can better meet the portable requirements of the instrument, enabling the application of Raman spectroscopy detection technology in a wider range of fields. This article introduces the development paradigm and several types of miniaturized Raman spectrometers, summarizes the key technical issues involved in the research of miniaturized instruments, and introduces their applications, especially in the detection of drugs, toxins, and environmental pollutants on site. Finally, this article looks forward to the research directions and possible application trends of miniaturized Raman spectrometers in the future, providing reference for the further development of miniaturized Raman spectrometers.
  • HU Yi, ZHONG Hang, LIU Ying, CHEN Jun, CHEN Jun
    Chinese Journal of Light Scattering. 2024, 36(3): 271-289. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.202403005
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    Raman spectroscopy, a preeminent analytical technique, has been extensively utilized across various disciplines. Nevertheless, the common Raman spectroscopic technique is difficult to measure and identify the inner components of solid materials, and can not achieve their longitudinal structure. Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS), an innovative offshoot of Raman spectroscopy, has garnered increasing attention from researchers due to its exceptional ability to non-destructively analyze the internal structures and components of samples. This review systematically examines the recent advancements in SORS technology, elucidating its underlying principles. It also introduces the Monte Carlo method as a crucial tool in exploring the fundamental principles of SORS in relevant studies and summarizes the commonly employed optical configurations of SORS. Further, this review highlights the investigations conducted on the applications of SORS technology in various fields, including biological tissues, pharmaceuticals, foods, as well as cultural relics and artworks. Those illustrative case studies demonstrate the practical application effects of SORS technology in non-destructive testing, compositional analysis, and structural dissection, emphasizing its significant value in these associated fields. Finally, this review provides an outlook on the future application prospects of SORS technology, taking into account its unique advantages and the current challenges. With continuing technological advancements and improvements, SORS technology is expected to play an important role in many more fields, offering robust support for scientific research and practical applications.
  • XUE Xingmei, ZHANG Lili, LUO Xiao, ZHOU Lin, ZHANG Xianbiao, CHEN Chang,
    Chinese Journal of Light Scattering. 2024, 36(3): 290-304. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.202403006
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    In recent years, Raman spectroscopy has been widely used in materials science, biomedical science, and environmental monitoring due to its fast non-destructive, high molecular specificity, and high sensitivity characteristics, becoming an important tool for spectral analysis. However, traditional Raman spectrometers are difficult to adapt to many special application scenarios due to their large size and high cost. Therefore, the demand for miniaturized, low-cost, and high-performance Raman spectrometers is increasing. The advancement of integrated optoelectronic technology has brought new development opportunities for the miniaturization of Raman spectrometers, making chip level Raman spectrometers possible. This article reviews the advancement of Raman spectrometers and their miniaturization. Meanwhile, it introducesexemplary on-chip spectrometers with potentials for Raman spectroscopy applications, providing important references for the miniaturization of existing Raman spectrometers and the exploration of spectral applications in miniaturized spectrometers, and promoting the common development and continuous innovation of technology and applications.
  • Jiang Jie, Li Conghui, Yao Senhao, Shen Shen, Ran Na, Zhang Jie
    Chinese Journal of Light Scattering. 2024, 36(3): 305-319. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.202403007
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    Raman spectrometer is an instrument used to record and analyze Raman scattering spectra. It consists of multiple components such as a laser light source, sample chamber, filters, dispersion system, detector, and signal processing module. Based on different principles, it is mainly divided into grating spectrometer Raman spectrometer and Fourier transform Raman spectrometer. With the continuous advancement of science and technology, the performance and functionality of Raman spectrometers are constantly improving. Portable Raman spectrometers have the characteristics of miniaturization, portability, and real-time analysis, making them suitable for field and on-site applications. On-chip Raman spectrometers use micro-nano fabrication technology to integrate optical components on chips, achieving smaller and highly integrated devices. Raman spectrometers have a wide range of applications in fields such as chemical composition analysis, environmental safety monitoring and food safety monitoring, etc. This article briefly introduces the principles and development history of Raman scattering, as well as the main components of common Raman spectrometers and typical application scenarios.
  • LI Yifan, LI Xiaoqiang, , QI Xiangdong, HU Huijie, SONG Yizhi,
    Chinese Journal of Light Scattering. 2024, 36(3): 320-329. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.202403008
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    Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive and highly sensitive molecular component detection technique that has been widely applied in many fields in recent years. However, its applications in large scale example Raman imaging are limited due to the time-consuming procedure of point-scanning. Line-scanning Raman spectroscopy achieves several orders of magnitude improvements in imaging speed compared to point-scanning Raman spectroscopy by using line-shaped illumination light and synchronous collection of Raman signals from line-shaped sample areas, enabling timeliness Raman imaging of large scale and quantities of samples. This article provides a brief introduction to the principle, configuration and characteristics of line-scanning Raman spectrometer, summarizes its application progress mainly in cell and tissue observation, and makes a prospection on improving the performance and expanding functions of line-scanning Raman spectroscopy.
  • XIE Bao-Kang, LIU Shao-Chuang, YING Yi-Lun, LONG Yi-Tao
    Chinese Journal of Light Scattering. 2024, 36(3): 330-342. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.202403009
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    Nanopore technique is a label-free, high-throughput detection method at the single-molecule level. However, nanopore ionic current sensing, which reflects changes in ionic conductivity within the nanopore, serves as an indirect characterization method. This technique encounters significant challenges in distinguishing subtle differences between various molecules. The integrated nanopore electrochemistry-Raman spectroscopy technology could enable simultaneous electrochemical and spectral characterization of analytes. Therefore, this review systematically presents preparation methods of plasmonic nanopores for integrated nanopore electrochemistry-Raman spectroscopy technology and provides a route for optical–electrochemical nanopore measurement system. Emphasis will be put on the applications of single entity electrochemistry analysis, single nucleotide discrimination, and analysis of protein structure. Additionally, the challenges and development of integrated nanopore electrochemistry-Raman spectroscopy technology are discussed. Finally, we hope this review will provide a comprehensive overview of the integrated nanopore electrochemistry-Raman spectroscopy technology.
  • Liyang Ma, Kuan Luo, Jiaying Li, Zhijie Liu, and Minbiao Ji,
    Chinese Journal of Light Scattering. 2024, 36(3): 343-362. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.202403010
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    Recently, many label-free optical imaging methods based on the interaction between light and matter have been gradually developed and play an important role in more and more fields. Stimulated Raman microscopy, as an label-free vibrational imaging tool, has the advantage of high-resolution chemical specific imaging of the main biomolecules most relevant for histological diagnosis. In this article, we mainly focus on the technological development of stimulated Raman microscopy and its application in fast tissue imaging without staining or sectioning. After introducing optical principles and technical details, we demonstrated the application of stimulated Raman histology in various types of human diseases. Further combining deep learning algorithms, case studies on fresh surgical tissue, gastroscopy biopsy, and core needle biopsy were summarized to demonstrate the potential of artificial intelligence assisted stimulated Raman histology in various application.