In this paper, we use microscope, large-format X-ray fluorescence scanning imaging, Raman spectroscopy and other means to study the pigment types and color mixing methods of the mounted landscape hanging scroll with ink and color on silk by Qing Dynasty Lei Lin. The research results show the blue and green landscape painting used azurite, malachite and Smalt to paint the top of the green mountain. Azurite and malachite were used to paint green hillsides, foothills, green leaves, ochre for brown trunks, and carbon black for dark branches, roofs, and bridges. The blue-green peak used more Smalt than the similar-colored hillsides and foothills. And the concentrations of azurite and malachite gradually decrease from the hilltop to the hillside, which showed that the artist used the mixture of different pigments and changes the concentration of the pigments to highlight the undulation of mountains and increase the three-dimensional sense of the picture. The results show that the surface scanning method can obtain more comprehensive information of cultural relics, avoid the lack of detection information. Combining with the traditional point collection method, surface scanning method can realize the research on the kinds of pigments and the methods of toning in Chinese traditional scroll painting.