The drugs was rapidly separated and purified in human urine sample by pretreatment. Furthermore, the self-assembled gold nanorods were used as the substrate to detect the drugs in real purifiedhuman urine byportable Raman spectrometer. It was found that our substratepresent excellent sensitivity of methamphetamine (MAMP), 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) and methcathinone(MCAT) detection.The whole process of the purifiedand detected procedurecan be completed in ~3.5 min.Therefore, our platform for detecting drugs promises a great prospective towards a rapid, reliable and on-spot detection method.