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In order to detect characteristics of ice cloud and mixed phase cloud and further understand the process of cloud physics, a cloud particle detector with polarization channel which can simultaneously detect the depolarization ratio of backscattering and the scattering energies of forward scattering is presented in a fixed solid angle. The phase function, depolarization ratio of different angles, total scattering cross section of the ellipsoid, cylindrical and spherical particles has been simulated. We found that spherical particles have almost no depolarization, and the depolarization ratios of ellipsoid, cylindrical particles are several magnitude larger, so the spherical particles can be distinguished from nonspherical particles by depolarization ratios. The mean depolarization ratio and particle scattering cross section of nonspherical particle at the two receiving solid angles has been caculated, depolarization ratio and particle scattering cross section varies with aspect ratio smoothly, which makes the distinguishment between particles with different aspect ratio more directly. Particle depolarization ratio changes with the equivalent radius of the particle fluctuately, which goes against the detection. The equivalent particle radii and the scattering cross section are generally in positive correlation, so the particle size can be detected by their scattering cross sections. The simulation results shows that the detection system has the ability to detect nonspherical particles in addition to the ability for spherical particles detection.