30 March 2018, Volume 30 Issue 1
    

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  • Focusing Coherent Light through Opaque Scattering Media
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 1-5. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201801001
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      Due to the scattering characteristics of scattering medium, incident coherence light diffuses through the scattering medium and forms a volume speckle filed that has no coherence formation and the traditional optical imaging system cannot be focused to detect the internal information of the object. According to the principle of wavefront shaping, the speckle can be modulated into a bright focal spot by shaping the phase of the beam through the feedback optimization algorithm. Based on this method, we experimentally load series of equal interval phase for each pixel of spatial light modulator (SLM) and collect multiple speckle images to realize focusing of any point of the beam by local maximum optimization algorithm. Meanwhile,a new method for focusing different uniform areas is proposed, which provides a new way to achieve imaging the object of the focus plane.
  • The Conversion of Particle Size Distributions based on Mie Theory
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 6-9. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201801002
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    The intensity-weighted average particle size and intensity-weighted particle size distribution (PSD) can be obtained by the dynamic light scattering. To get the number-weighted PSD or volume-weighted PSD from the intensity-weighted PSD, the intensity scattered by particles of different size must be taken into account. The light intensity scattered by particles of different size is calculated using Mie scattering theory. Then, the number-weighted PSD can be calculated from the intensity-weighted PSD by dividing by the scattering intensity of the particle with the corresponding size. To demonstrate this the intensity-weighted PSD of the mixed polystyrene latex particles is obtained by dynamic light scattering, and the intensity-weighted PSD is converted to number-weighted and volume-weight PSDs using this method. Scanning electron microscopy is used to get the true number-weighted PSD to compare with our results. Comparison of the two number-weighted PSDs shows that accurate number-weighted PSD can be obtained by using approach outlined.
  • Determination of Graphite in Water-borne Organic Paint Employing SERS with Internal Standard
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 10-16. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201801003
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    The surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method with internal standard was established to determine graphite in water-borne organic paints. The working samples, which were tested by Raman spectroscopy, were prepared by adding graphite into poly(butyl acrylate) latex substrate, followed by pipeting potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) as internal standard and silver nano-particles (Ag NP). Since 1584 cm-1 was recognized as graphite’s G peak while 2124 cm-1 as KSCN’s peak, standard curve was made by calculating the ratio of the two peaks, which exhibited good linearity with r2=0.9994 and 0.9934 for 5000 mesh graphite and 200 mesh graphite, respectively. For 5000 mesh graphite, the limit of detection (LOD) is 0.12%, and precision was 6.99%. The spiked recovery of poly(butyl acrylate) and polyvinyl acetate substrates was 79.49% and 76.29%, respectively. All the indices met the testing requirements. This method was convenient, rapid and accurate, and could be used as the quality control method for water-borne organic paints with carbon materials.
  • Regulatory Assembly of Gold Nanorods SERS Substrates for Fabrication of Drug Detection Module
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 17-23. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201801004
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    This paper presents a SERS substrates construction method based on self-assembled structure of gold nanorods. The self-assembled gold nanorods SERS substrates with dense uniformity can be obtained by reducing or removing the coffee ring effect by solvent evaporation-controlled assembly mechanism.  Combined with portable Raman spectroscopy and rapid pretreatment of drug-containing urine, the substrate can be used for drug SERS detection with high sensitivity and good reproducibility, which can be used in drug-related urine drug detection analysis. Moreover, it is expected to apply to the rapid detection of drug-related sites.
  • Quick Detection of Madder in Silk Textile by Shell-isolated Nanoparticle-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 24-27. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201801005
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    Shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy（SHINERS）were introduced to identify natural madder in silk textile according to traditional dyeing methodologies. SHINERS spectrum of alizarin was also collected for comparison. The non-extractive hydrolysis method realized the rapid in-situ detection of madder dye on silk. It avoided the extraction of dyes from a silk textile and was much easier compared to the conventional methods.
  • Detection of Aspartamebased on the Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 28-33. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201801006
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    In this paper, the detection of aspartame (APM) in aqueous solution and in fruit juice using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been presented. The silver colloid (Ag col) active substrates were prepared, and the related properties were characterized firstly. Secondly, the Raman characteristic peaks of APM were classified, and then the optimum coagulant type was determined by comparative experimental study.At the end, the APM in aqueous solution were detected by SERS. The quantitative analysis was implemented by using logic regression analysis method. The limit of detection and recovery were determined at the same time. In addition, when the concentration of APM in juice is low to 1000 mg/L, it is still able to distinguish the characteristic peak, in close proximity to the national standard. 0.6 g/kg.
  • Polarization-Dependent Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering from Metallic Gratings
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 34-40. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201801007
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    The main mechanism of surface enhancement Raman scattering is the enhancement of electromagnetic field generated by surface plasma resonance. In this paper, one-dimensional large area and uniform nano-grating structure was fabricated as surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate by using the interference lithography technique. The polarization dependence of surface-enhanced Raman spectra was explored experimentally and theoretically. Benzenethiol was employed as Raman probe molecule to characterize the polarization dependence of the SERS signals on the surface of the metallic grating. Both 633 nm and 785 nm wavelengths were adopted as the excitation source to achieve the plasma resonance and non-resonant states, and SERS spectrum polarization dependence characteristic curves were obtained. The electromagnetic properties of the gold grating were analyzed by finite difference time domain. The electric field intensity profiles can be fitted by sin functions. And the intensity profiles of SERS spectra of benzenethiol were well fitted with sin2 functions. The polarization dependence of the surface-enhanced Raman spectra has been extensively discussed experimentally and theoretically, which has a certain effect on the further refinement of the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy theory.
  • The Effect of Rutile Phase in TiO2 Nanofibers on the Photocatalytic Properties
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 41-45. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201801008
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    In this paper, TiO2 nanofibers with different precursor conditions were fabricated by electrospinning. The morphology of TiO2 nanofibers was characterized by scarnning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the diameter of TiO2 nanofibers was about 100 nm and its surface was rough. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman results showed that the ratio of anatase and rutile changed with the different precursor conditions. The photocatalytic properties of TiO2 nanofibers were examined by degradating methylene blue using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, the results showed that the activity of the sample with heating condition was better. Mixed phase could provide more transition energy levels for the electron transition, so it could increase the lifetime and decrease the recombitiong  of the photo-induced electronhole pairs. The more content of rutile after heating, the better photocatalytic properties of TiO2 nanofibers.
  • Quantitative Analysis of Furfural Dissolved in Transformer Oil Based on Raman Spectroscopy
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 46-50. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201801009
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    Accurate analysis of furfural concentration of oil-paper insulation ageing characteristics can be significant to assess the ageing of the operating transformers. Raman spectroscopy has been widely used in the field of material composition analysis and state diagnosis. In this paper, the quantitative analysis of dissolved furfural in transformer oil was carried out. Different furfural content of transformer oil samples were detected based on the Raman spectroscopy liquid test platform. After the efficient pretreatment, spectrum data was used principal component analysis method for data dimensionality reduction, and the establishment of furfural content dissolved in oil analysis regression model was based on support vector machine, the detection limit is 0.625 mg/L. The results show that the Raman spectroscopy combined support vector machine for quantitative analysis of furfural dissolved in transformer oil effectively, and it provides a new method for realizing a fast and accurate detection of dissolved matter in oil ageing characteristics.
  • A Sample Rotation Device for Small Angle X-ray Scattering Measurements
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 51-55. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201801010
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    In small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) experiments, rotating anisotropic samples is often required. The traditional sample holder is fixed and it is difficult to adjust the angle. In view of this situation, a sample rotation device for small angle X-ray scattering experiment is designed. The device is mainly composed of stepping motor, high precision slewing bearing, transmission system, sample holder, controlling software. It has the characteristics of simple structure, high rotary accuracy and long-distance control. The device has been used for measurement of graphite fiber sample at small angle X-ray scattering station at Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF), and the experimental result verifies the feasibility of the device.
  • Identification of Fungal Spores of Puffball Species in Medicinal Fungi by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 56. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201801011
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    The purpose of this study was to identify medicinal fungi ofCalvatialilacina (Mont. Et Berk) Lloyd ,Calvatiagigantea (Batsch ex Pers.) Lloyd and Lasiosphaerafenzlii Reich.which had similar morphological characteristics. Fourier transform infrared spectrometer was employed to obtain the spectra of spores of this three puffball species, and further researched their characteristics of molecular structure by spectral information. The infrared spectra of three puffball species demonstrated the absorption band of protein, polysaccharides and esters. The intensity and shape of these bands had differences between different medicinal fungi. The technique of Fourier Self-Deconvolution and fourth derivative spectrum combined with curve-fitting analysis was used to uncover the spectral information at fingerprint region of infrared spectra. Curve-fitting analysis of 1200~890 cm-1 presented the structure of polysaccharides had significant difference in three puffball species. The multi-component peaks at 1072 cm-1 and 1040 cm-1 corresponded to C-O and C-C stretching vibrations of polysaccharides, there were obvious differences between Calvatialilacina (Mont. Et Berk) Lloyd , Calvatiagigantea (Batsch ex Pers.) Lloyd and Lasiosphaerafenzlii Reich. The characteristic absorption peaks at 943 cm-1 and 892 cm-1 of Calvatialilacina (Mont. Et Berk) Lloyd indicated that it contain β-glycoside linkage, and the peaks at 920 cm-1 showed that α-glycoside linkage in Lasiosphaerafenzlii Reich.. The results suggested that Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy could provide the information of molecular structure of puffball fungus. It was a promising technique to identify medicinal fungi.
  • Electronic and Thermoelectrical Properties of p-Type Na Doped Anisotropic ZnO
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 62.
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     The band structure, optical properties, dielectric property, density of states, partial density of states of the p-type Na doped ZnO have been investigated by the ab-initial calcultional method based on the density functional theory. The calculational and analyzing results show that the Na doped ZnO has approximately 1.3 eV direct band gap and it is p type semiconductor, the absorption behavior is modified and the maximum absorbing peak move to the low optical photon, the density of state near Fermi level is increased and the p state electrons forms these band states, there are newly formed bands within the valence bands and conducting bands near Fermi level that are fromed by the electons of Nas、Nap、Znp、Znd and the Op state electrons. The elecrical property should be anisotropic for Na doped ZnO, the effective mass within the valence bands and the conduction bands near Fermi level are high, the carrier conduction process is mainly accomplished by the Nas、Nap、Znp as well as the Op electrons.
  • Examination the Front Bumpers Based on Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Statistical
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 70-76. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201801013
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    It often involves examination and identification about front bumpers in the traffic casualties and escape and criminal cases. This paper was combined the principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analysis with Infrared spectra data of 31 front bumpers debris and has established the mathematical model via Classification algorithm. Finally, 31 front bumpers debris were successively distinguished into 17 classes and the result was ideal. In this paper, the modern instrument analysis technology and multivariate statistical method were combined to realize the classification and identification of front bumpers debris, which provided a scientific basis for the inspection of physical evidence.
  • Optical Properties and Refractive Index Sensitivities of Individual Au Nanorods
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 77-83. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201801013
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    Motivated by the wide applications of noble metal nanoparticles in refractive index sensitivities and detections, the tunability of dipolar peak wavelengths of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs), and the refractive index sensitivities of individual Au nanorods are numerically investigated by calculating the corresponding far-field extinction spectra using discrete dipole approximation (DDA). The results indicate that the concerned dipolar LSPR peak wavelengths can be tuned from visible to near infrared by tailoring the aspect ratio of the nanorod, which respond to the aspect ratio quadratically and linearly at visible and near infrared wavelengths, respectively. Similar responses are observed for the corresponding refractive index sensitivities. Additionally, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the LSPR peak is understood well in terms of the optical response of the imaginary part of Au dielectrics to the incident light. The figures of merits (FOM) of individual Au nanorods are optimized by their aspect ratio, which gives the optimal aspect ratio. The present work holds great promise for future designing and fabricating LSPR based sensing/detection substrates and elements.
  • Study of the Interaction between Indirubin and DNA by Fluorescence Spectroscopy
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 84-88. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201801015
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    Under simulated physiologic conditions, the interaction between anticancer drug indirubin (IDB) and herring sperm DNA was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. The addition of IDB reduced the fluorescence intensity of DNA and berberine hydrochloride (BR) system. And the fluorescence quenching was enhanced with the increase of IDB addition amount. The result indicated that the BR molecules intercalated into DNA were squeezed out from the hydrophobic environment within DNA into the outer hydrophile site. After binding to DNA, the UV-Vis spectra of IDB showed red shift and peak decrease, indicating the insert binding between them. Furthermore, both the electrostatic and groove binding were eliminated by phosphate effect and salt effect experiments. The conclusion was confirmed that only intercalation existed between IDB and DNA, and their binding constant was obtained by Scatchard equation.
  • Research on Radiative Properties of Powder Based on Integrating Sphere Experiments
    The Journal of Light Scattering. 2018, 30(1): 89. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201801016
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    The radiative properties of powder material at infrared wavelength were studied  in order to obtain accu-rate radiative parameters of powder. The directional hemisphere reflectance (DHR)  and transmittance (DHT)of the powder sample was measured by an integrating sphere. With these DHR and DHT results , solving Radiative Transfer Equation with 3-flux approximation, the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient of powders can be calculated by particle swarm optimization. The radiative properties of Al2O3 powder were investigated, and the results show that the scattering coefficient and absorption coefficient  decrease with the increase of wavelength and thickness in the 4-7 μm. The method is suitable for the meas-urement of the radiative properties of various powders at room temperature. and analyse their  relation-ships with the thickness and other factors .
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