Chinese Journal of Light Scattering

Thiamine pyrophosphate is used to synthesize carbon dots via the hydrothermal method. The existing pyridine rings, thiazole rings, amino groups and pyrophosphoric groups in the thiamine pyrophosphate molecules will be recombined or preserved after hydrothermal treatment and then the nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur atoms can get into the generated carbon dots. The prepared carbon dots own lots of defects, which will improve the fluorescence quantum yield of the carbon dots. The quantum yield reaches 19.6% which is higher than that of many other reported carbon dots. The obtained carbon dots can be applied in pH quantitative detection for basic solutions because of the linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and pH in the alkaline range.

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Development of Raman Spectroscopy for the Determination of Oxidation Stresses in Oxidation Scales Formed on Interconnectors

The Journal of Light Scattering. 2015, 27(4): 342-349. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201504007

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As an important component of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), alloy interconnector affects the longevity of SOFCs. High temperature oxidation of metal leads to thermal and growth stresses in the metal and oxide, which can broke the oxide and reduce the life time of steel. In situ Raman spectroscopy has in recent years been used as an efficient method to study the stresses in thermally grown oxide layers. This work presents an overview of the study of oxidation stresses in recent years, analyzes the causes of the stress and discusses the development of Raman technique for the determination of oxidation stresses, particularly Cr₂O₃.

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Quantitative Relation between Raman Shift and Metal Ion Content in Garnets

The Journal of Light Scattering. 2015, 27(4): 350-354. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201504008

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By analyzing the Raman data of 12 garnet samples from RRUFF database, we found that the Raman shift of characteristic peaks move regularly as the relative contents of metal ions change. Based on the experimental findings, two linear models between the ratio of iron and magnesium in pyrope-almandine and R[SiO4]4-, νSiO Raman shift were established, the linear correlations of which are 0.979 and 0.986. The reliability of linear models was also verified by cross validation, and the result comes out good. Quantitative analysis based on Raman shift presented in this article can provide a new research approach to Raman quantitative analysis.

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Raman Analysis of the Painted Sculptures Pigments of Wuhou Temple in Chengdu

The Journal of Light Scattering. 2015, 27(4): 355-358. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201504009

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Microscopy,Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze the painted sculptures pigments of Wuhou Temple in Chengdu.The results show that the red pigments are innabar,red ochre,minium),the blue pigments are phthalocyanine blue and ultramarine,the green pigments are phthalocyanine green,the yellow pigments are massicot，the white pigments are gypsum,the black pigments are carbon black.It was founds that synthetic organic pigments—phthalocyanine blue and phthalocyanine green had been used as the painted pigments.The investigation supplies scientific information for the purpose of restoration and conservation of relics and selecting restoration materials.

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Application of Micro-Raman Spectroscopy Technology in Testing the Aging of Stamp Impressions

The Journal of Light Scattering. 2015, 27(4): 359-363. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201504010

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Taking advantage of Micro-Raman spectroscopy technology, seal sample for two years are studied by the Raman. The resulting in comparative of suspect and samples which are determined time enable to provide QC matching value. By the QC matching value, we can identify the relative aging of stamp impression. Micro-Raman spectroscopy technology can be used to identify the aging of stamp impression with the advantages of the convenient preparation of sample and the easy and fast operation of instrument measurement.

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Research Progress and Application of Polymer Blend Based on Vibrational Spectroscopy Imaging Techniques

The Journal of Light Scattering. 2015, 27(4): 364-373. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201504011

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Vibrational Spectroscopy can provide molecular vibrational information and can be very sensitive to the conformation of polymer molecule chains and interaction between chains. Vibrational Spectroscopy Imaging as an in situ non-damage detection is widely applied to the study of polymer blend’s properties such as crystallization, distribution of phase state and interface diffusion. The present paper emphasized to summarize the headway of application research of polymer blend by imaging techniques of Raman Spectroscopy and Infrared Spectroscopy and their derivative techniques with high-space resolution ratio, such as the combination of Infrared Spectroscopy and atomic force microscope (IR-AFM), the combination of Raman Spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscope (Raman-AFM) and Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS), aiming to explore and expand the application of vibrational spectroscopy imaging techniques in the polymer field.

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Experimental Study on Ink Marks of Documents Printed by Color Laser Printer with Micro Raman Spectroscopy

The Journal of Light Scattering. 2015, 27(4): 374-378. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201504012

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This work provide anon-destructive, convenient and effective testing method to differentiate documents printed by different color laser printers. The ink marks on the documents printed by color laser printers are tested by the Micro-Raman spectroscopy, and the four different color ink marks’ Raman spectra are compared and differentiated. The Raman spectra of the documents are different and can be classified. The Raman spectroscopic technique can distinguish the documents printed by different brands and models’ color laser printers.

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Study on FT-IR Spectra Characteristics of Four kinds of Pine Needles

The Journal of Light Scattering. 2015, 27(4): 379-383. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201504013

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The FT-IR spectra of the four types of pine needles (red pine, pinus taiwanensis, masson pine, cedar) were firstly obtained by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. Through the analysis of the spectra, we can conclude that the spectra of the four types of pine needles are very similar. But the wave-numbers and the height of the absorption peaks, especially those at the fingerprint zone (1382 ～ 1255 cm^{- 1}, 1050 ~ 607 cm^{- 1}) are the characteristics of each of the species. By the degree of similarity of the IR spectra, it could be concluded that red pine and masson pine, as well as pinus taiwanensis and cedar are closely related. According to the intensity and the location of these absorption peaks in IR spectra, we can infer that pine needles may contain chemical compositions such as polysaccharide, amino acid, alkane, alkaloids, triterpene compounds, stigmasterol, lignin, cellulose and volatile oil. And these chemical constituents in pinus taiwanensis and cedar are more than that in red pine and pinus massoniana. For the four kinds of pine needles, the chemical composition of pinus taiwanensis pine needles is the most, and the chemical composition of masson pine needles is the least. The results will provide scientific evidences for the identification, development and the utilization of pines.

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Construction of Analysis Model of Rice Seed Components Based on Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

The Journal of Light Scattering. 2015, 27(4): 384-389. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201504014

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In crop genetics and breeding researches, great significance has been attached to nondestructive testing of the components of a single grain sample. In this essay, the relationship between the spectra of a single rice grain and its content of amylose and protein was studied , where near infrared reflectance spectroscopy and partial least-squares regression were applied，and a model for rapid testing of the rice seed components based on near infrared reflectance spectroscopy was set up. The effects of different kinds of spectral preprocessing methods on the model of both single and group seed samples were compared and the model was optimized. According to the results, multiplicative scatter correction had great effect on the model optimization of single seed samples, while first derivative was useful for model optimization of both single and group seed samples. Good prediction results were achieved according to the model evaluation parameters, which provided technical supports for the component analysis of single rice grains based on near infrared reflectance spectroscopy.

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Determination of Different Species of Melon Seeds by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Discrete Wavelet Transform

The Journal of Light Scattering. 2015, 27(4): 390-395. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201504015

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Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with discrete wavelet transform was used to discriminate 6 species of melon seeds. Spectra of 30 samples were obtained. The results showed that the infrared spectra of the samples were similar, while in the range of 1700～900 cm^-1, tiny differences in wave-numbers and absorption intensity of peaks were observed. The spectra in this range were selected to perform discrete wavelet transform, and the obvious differences were found in the second scale detail coefficients. The second scale coefficients were selected to perform the correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The results showed that towel gourd seeds had very significant positive correlation with cushaw seeds with correlation coefficient 0.9279, while the towel gourd seeds and semen benincasae had minimum correlation coefficient. The contributing rates of the first two principal components in PCA had reached 95.50%, which can reflect the main information in the spectra. The accuracy of PCA and HCA were 100%. It demonstrates that Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy combined with discrete wavelet transform was a rapid and effective method for discriminating different species of melon seeds.

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Monte Carlo Simulation Study of X -Ray Detection of Gold -Doped Copper

The Journal of Light Scattering. 2015, 27(4): 396-400. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201504016

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In the paper the transmissions of X-ray through pure gold material and through copper-dopped gold material are studied by MCNP simulations. The results show that, the transmission in pure gold is significantly weaker than that in copper-dopped gold. A new approach to detect the purity of gold is proposed accordingly. To get a better detection, one may choose X-ray with emission energy 0.3 MeV and detection spectrum 0.11-0.16 MeV. The approach is easy, cheap and feasible, furthermore, it also has advantage of wide-detection-range. The study provides guidance to detect purity of gold material.

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A Theory Version of the Enhanced Clapper-Yule Model for Halftone Prints by Considering the Optical Dot Gain

The Journal of Light Scattering. 2015, 27(4): 401-406. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201504017

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This paper quantificationally analyzes to the law of spectral reflections for color halftone prints. Based on the branch-path Clapper-Yule model of spectral reflection, the new spectral prediction model, taking into the optical dot gain account, has been established by introducing an optical dot gain parameter w to model the nonlinear relation between the dot area fraction and the reflectance of paper and ink. The numerical simulation of the new model shows that the prediction values are higher than the reflections of the branch-path Clapper-Yule model, which has modified the defect in the previous models. The reflections of paper and ink is the function of dot area fraction and optical dot gain parameter w, and the color of halftone prints predicted by the branch-path Clapper-Yule model must consider the effects of variation of dot area fraction and the optical dot gain parameter w on the reflections.

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ATR Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy Study of Latex the C-H Wagging Vibration

The Journal of Light Scattering. 2015, 27(4): 407-412. https://doi.org/10.13883/j.issn1004-5929.201504018

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The latex organic molecular were characterized by fourier transform attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) in the temperature range 303~ 393 K. The C-H stretch vibration (ν_C-H)，C=C stretch vibration (ν_C=C), CH2 bending vibration (δ_CH2), CH3 bending vibration mode (δ_CH3) and C-H wagging vibration (ω_C-H) were found in the region between 3500 cm^-1 and 600 cm^-1. Two-dimensional infrared spectra of latex (ω^_C-H) were studied to determine the sequence of intensity changes. Actually two bands were observed: one at 837 cm^-1 and one at 841 cm^-1. It had been found that the sequence of intensity changes was 837 cm^-1 > 841 cm^-1 when the temperature increased. The study demonstrated the key roles of ATR-FTIR in the analysis of thermal denaturation of the latex.

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31 December 2015, Volume 27 Issue 4